The impact of nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs on early detection in Kano State hospitals.
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Background of the Study: Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide, including in Nigeria (Ibrahim et al., 2024). Despite its high prevalence, prostate cancer remains underdiagnosed in many low-resource settings due to limited awareness, inadequate screening programs, and socio-cultural barriers (Olaniyan et al., 2023). Early detection through routine screening and awareness campaigns has been shown to significantly reduce mortality rates by allowing for early intervention (Eze et al., 2023). Nurses, being the largest group of healthcare providers, are in a unique position to lead awareness programs aimed at educating the public on prostate cancer, its risk factors, and the importance of early detection (Umar et al., 2024).
In Kano State, prostate cancer awareness is relatively low, and many men only seek treatment when the disease has reached advanced stages (Garba et al., 2023). Nurse-led awareness programs can bridge this gap by providing education on prostate cancer, dispelling myths, and promoting screening practices. Research indicates that nurse-led interventions can significantly enhance health literacy and influence health-seeking behaviors, especially in underserved areas (Yusuf & Tunde, 2023). By engaging with communities, nurses can promote prostate cancer awareness, thereby increasing the likelihood of early detection and reducing the burden of advanced prostate cancer cases in the region. This study seeks to examine the impact of nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs on the early detection of prostate cancer in Kano State hospitals, evaluating the effectiveness of such programs in improving knowledge and encouraging timely screening.
Statement of the Problem: Prostate cancer continues to be a major health challenge in Kano State, where late-stage diagnosis is common due to limited public awareness and access to screening services. Despite the potential role of nurse-led awareness programs in improving early detection, such initiatives have not been thoroughly assessed in this context. This research aims to evaluate how nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs impact early detection rates and whether they can lead to improved patient outcomes in Kano State hospitals.
Objectives of the Study:
- To assess the impact of nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs on early detection rates in Kano State hospitals.
- To evaluate the level of knowledge about prostate cancer and its early detection among male patients attending Kano State hospitals.
- To identify the barriers and facilitators to implementing nurse-led awareness programs in Kano State healthcare facilities.
Research Questions:
- How do nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs impact early detection rates in Kano State hospitals?
- What is the level of awareness about prostate cancer among male patients in Kano State hospitals before and after the awareness program?
- What are the challenges faced by nurses in implementing prostate cancer awareness programs in Kano State?
Research Hypotheses:
- Nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs significantly increase early detection rates of prostate cancer in Kano State hospitals.
- Male patients in Kano State hospitals have a low level of awareness about prostate cancer before the awareness program.
- The implementation of nurse-led prostate cancer awareness programs is hindered by barriers such as cultural beliefs, lack of resources, and inadequate training.
Scope and Limitations of the Study: This study will focus on Kano State hospitals, particularly evaluating nurse-led awareness programs on prostate cancer detection. The study will involve male patients who attend these hospitals for health services and may be eligible for screening. A limitation of this study is the possibility of selection bias, as not all patients may participate in the awareness programs, and data collection may be influenced by patients' recall ability.
Definitions of Terms:
- Prostate cancer: A form of cancer that develops in the prostate, a small gland in men that produces seminal fluid.
- Awareness programs: Educational initiatives designed to increase knowledge and inform the public about health-related topics, such as prostate cancer.
- Early detection: The process of identifying diseases or conditions, such as cancer, in their initial stages, often through screening and regular health check-ups.
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